Regenerative stove.



Pateirted June 22, 19,09.

A. c. NELSON. REGENERATIVE STOVE. APPLIQATION FILED JAN. 16, 1909.

Jizrzzfan ive! 6.4260,

9 -i'i'ifwl.

A. c. NELSON. REGBNERATIVE STOVE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 1909.

' 925,827. I Patented June 22,1909.

4 SHEETS-MIKE?! 2.

A. C. NELSON. REGENERATIVE STOVE.

APPLIOATRQN FILED JAN. 16, 1909.

Patented Jurie 22, 1909.

4 SHEETS-$111231 3.

A. G. NELSON. REGENERATIV'E STOVE. Arrmoumx IIYLED JAN. 16; 1909.

Patented "June 22, 1909 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 I izrsmar:

wwa xuv'wbw UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED C. NELSON, O F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOR F ONE-HALF TO ARTHUR G. MCKEE,

OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

REGENERATIVE s'rovii.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Janene, 1909.-

Application filed January 16, 1909. Serial No. 472,659.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRD C. NELSON, a citizen of the United States, resident of Cleveland, count-y of Cuyahoga, and State of Oh'o, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Regenerative Stoves, of which the fol-lowing is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein xplained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applyingthat principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to regenerative stoves 4 such as are used in blast furnace practice and in whose construction'bricks enter largely.

The object of my invention is to construct a stove ol the above described character in a manner such that bricks of standard size and simplicity of form may be used to the greatest possible-extent and at the same time impart to the st ucturethe preferred circular exterior OUT/Lille of itshoriz-ontal section and the preferred circular cross section of the central combustionchamber thereof, together with saidplane.

the required interior heat ng surfa e of the checkerwork.

Heretof'ore, in so fares I am aware, the ordinary construction of regenerative stoves has involved the use of special bricks in the construction cf the exterior incl'osing brick shell, the interio shell forming the combustion chamber, ind the checkcrwork. These special bricks arelaid in circular courses to form the required vertical walls. Inasmuch as each circular course in the same lane has a different diameter, the form of" rick for each such course has necessarily been differ ent from hat of'cach of the other courses in This necessitated the use oi forms of brick which are not standard in shape and which are classified as what; is known in the trade as special "'brick'. In

. view of the specie character of these brick,

an increased CAPQIISG is involved in the construction of this class of stoves. Special brick for forming the radial walls crossing the circular walls are also required; The great ma ority of the brick, therelore, in this class of stoves, are of special lGIIIl and considerable additional expense is involved in their use, as compared with such brick structures as may be built out ol' st-andard rectangular brickand standard tapered brick.

The standard rectangular brick is substan tially 9 inches long by inches wide by 2 inches: thick, and the standard tapered brick is 9 inches long, 1; inches wide at one 611d, 21} inches thick at the same end and the width or thickness of the other end orboth' width and thickness of such end may be less than 41} and 2% inches respectively, according to standards well known to the brick trade f'urnishing materials for this class of work also well known to those skilled in the art 0 iconstructing blast furnace stoves. My invention" contempl tes the use of a larger per cent. of standard brick in the construct-ion of a regenerative stove than it has herei ofo e been possible to use in this character of devices and the said invention consists of a certain form of' structure, and? details thereof as hereinafter fully described and speciiicall'y set forth in the clairns.

The annexed 'drawi s and the following description set-forth in. etail' a certain structure embodying my invention, the disclosed of theinof such stove taken upon the plane indicated by line IIII in Fig: 4. Fig. 3 lSi'B. similar framentary section taken'u on" the" lane indicated by line III- III'in ig. 4. tig; 4' is a horizontal section, upon an enlarged scale, of the stove, taken u on the plane indicated by lines IV-I'V in ig. 1, said planes passing, immediately above the lowermost course of'brick of the checkerwork which lies im-nicdiately above the crown of' the arches, and immediately below such course, the bricks lying immediately upon the arches beingshown partially rc'm'oved'to disclose part of the latter in plan. Fig. 5. is a horizontal section taken upon the plane indicated by lineVV in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a fragii'ienta'ry horizontal section taken upon the plane .indicatc'd by line 'VIV I in Fig. l, this plane brick. Fig. 7 is. a similar fi'aginentary section taken upon a plane indicated by line VII.VII parallel with that indicated by line VTVI but a distance below same equal to the distance from center to'center'of two successive courses. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan, viewed from the plane indicated line VIII---V'III, Figs. 10 and 1.1, upon an en.- largcd scale, of'two courses of brick. Fig. 9

stru Jture, however, constituting but one ofpassing through the middle of one course of const uctedin accordance with; my inverition. Fig. 2 1s a fragmentary ax alsection is a similar view taken upon the plane indicated by line IX-IX, Flgs. 10 and-11, such latter courses lying immediately above those shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary vertical section, upon the scale employed in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, and taken upon the plane indicated by line XX, Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a similar fragmentary section taken upon the plane indicated by line XIX1 in Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a perspective view upon an enlarged scale of the four fragments, indicated by lines y, y, y and y?, Figs. 8 and 9, of checkerwork which occur successively one upon the other to form the four walls of one of the flues, these fragments being'shown vertically detached from each other in order to disclose the vertical relation of the component bricks thereof.

The central combustion chamber A is of the usualcylindrical form and the lower portion thereof is lined with the usual brick a of extremely high refractory qualities, this lining being, as is well known, located in the fractory character is the usual lining a ex-- region of greatest heat. Next to the lining composed of the bricks a and of similar retending to the top of the checkerwork and formed out of standard tapered and straight brick. Thislining a extends to the bottom of the-stove. The linings a and a constitute the central shell forming the vertical combustion chamber. Surrounding this shell of the combustion chamber is a brickwork structure B, the bricks of which are laid parallelwith and at right angles to a given plane such as m-x, Fig. 4, passing through the axis of the combustion chamber. These bricks are all of standard rectangular form and those lying adjacent to the outer surface of the shell of the combustion chamber are. suitably chipped away to properly fit against same in the usual manner. The bricks in the courses forming'this structure are laid alternately parallel with and at right angles to the said plane whereby the component bricks arc'caused to break joint and thereby bond such courses. Certain courses, preferably ev'ery seventh, are caused to intersect the courses of lining a", as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, thus bonding the shell and the brickwork structure B; These, courses are caused to terminate outwardly so as to impart to the horizontal section of this inner inclosing structure a substantially rectangular outline, as shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7.

The outer inclosing structure C is formed of courses of standard brick also .laid alter- .nately parallel with and at right angles to the above named plane, as shown in Fig. 4, and

the outermost bricks of these courses are suitably chipped to impart to the horizontal section of this outer inclosing structure a The usual steel inclosing embedded, as shown.

Having their inner and outer ends embedded respectively in the structures B and C are two sets of arches E, E F, F, Fig. 4, the one set being parallel with the aforenamed plane and composed of two groups, the component members of which are equal in number, parallel with each other and dispos'ed upon opposite sides of the structure B. The other set of arches consists similarly of arches disposed equally upon opposite sides of the structure B, the component members of wh ch are parallel with each other but which are placed at right angles to lIilG' abovenamed plane. These arches project perpendicularly from the respective sides of the structure B in which their inner ends are The distance between the arches of each group is made 9 inches, that is, equal to the length of a standard rectangular brick. Brickwork is built up 011 each arch so as to bring a course terminating in a plane tangent to the crown of the arch. Laid transversely across the top of these courses of each group of arches are 13-};x6x2 inch brick gforming parallel rows 9 inches from each other, and at right angles to said arches. These rows of brick 9 form foundations for vertical "walls G which are built upwardly and vertically and which cross vertical walls F built upon and in alinement with the arches and therefore at right angles to walls G. These walls G and F form the checker-work of'the stove. The courses of bricks of walls G of this checkerwork are laid in a manner such as to make each course bond the contiguous upper and lower course, so that no two successive courses contain seams in the same vertical plane. This I accomplish by laying first the bricks of one course in arallel rows end to end to form part of a wa l G,,as shown in the lower course in dotted lines in Fig. '8. These bricks are all of standard dimension-s, 9 inches in length, and between these rows and spaced 9 inches apart are transversely laid similar standard 9 inch bricks which 1 shall hereinafter refer to as filler brick, to form part of the wall The next course above, shown in full lines in Fig. 8 is made by laying parallel rows of bricks end to end but at right angles to the parallel rows of the lower course, to continue the wall F. Between the parallel rows of this upper course are filler bricks spaced 9 inches apart as shown in full lines in Fig. '8, to continue the wall G. .The

next course above is arranged in a manner similar to that of the lower courseshown in dotted lines in Fig. 8, as is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9. The rows of bricks of this last described course which are laid end to end run in the same directionas those 'laid end to end in the first described course, but they are so placed as to break joint vertically with the bricks of said first described course.

The next course above the third described course is shown in full lines in Fig. 9 and consists of parallel rows of bricks laid end to end running at right angles to the parallel rows laid as to break joint with the course immediately below it, as shown in Fig. 9, and therefore also break joint, as shown,- with the bricks of the second described course. It will hence be seen that the four courses of bricks contain no seams located in the same vertical plllanes with the exception" of the fillers, w 'chbreak joint in every other course. In this manner these courses are effectively bonded and danger from cracking along a line of least resistance and of any considerable length istherefore reduced to a minimum. The construction of the courses: as 'ust described is repeated in the checkerwork indefinitely and the relation of the bricks of the four courses is clearly illustrated in Fig.

12, the bricks in this figure being shownin the positions which they occupy relatively to each other in horizontal planes.

It is obvious that a combination of the first and second described courses may be used throughout, or a combination of the third andfourth, in each case rovidin a completely bonded structure, aving the advantages desired to a some what limited degree, andwhich maybe found to sufiice in some cases.- course will have vertically alined joints, whereas by using the combination of. the four courses each constructed as previously described, s'uch alined joints occur only in every fourth course, with the exception noted abo e.

In order to impart to the annular cross section of the checkerwork a substantially -uniform width so as to obtain a substanare? es of-succcssive brickwork so as to meet at the top of the pillar B: .The corbeling and the pillar therefore form the inner support forthe' crossed arches. An additional flue H may therefore be provided at each corner whose outermost walls are supported by-the inner ends of the .crossed arches. These flucs form recesses in the corners of the brick structure B and their outer walls are in In this event,'however, every other eneath this crossing the same vertical planes with the adjacent walls of said brickwork. Radially opposite each flue H is a flue H whose inner walls 72. E'Fi 4, are supported independently ofthe. arc es by means of corbeling as at h, Figs. 2 and 5. It will be noted that the bottoms of the flues H H are both above the floor of the stove and communicate with the-annular space J formed beneath the arches. This annular space therefore has the required-sectional area necessary for the passage of the gases and the required uniformity of checkerwork area is obtained. A substantially uniform distribution of checker-work is therefore obtained in all planes, as will be readily The vertical radial understood by those skilled in the art.

location of tie additional flues H and H with reference to each. other and in a horizontal plane is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, as is also the location of the corbeling b and h.

The usual hot blast valve duct M, gas

duct M, chimney duct M air relief duct M and cleaning ducts m m are provided, as shown in Fig. 5, communicating laterally withthe interior of the lower part of the stove.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the rinciples of checker construction above escribcd may be applied to stoves known as side combustion-chamber stoves.

What I claim therefore and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a regenerative stove, the combination of a central shell forming a vertical combustion chamber; brickwork surrounding said shell, the bricks of which are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; and forming .a shell-surrounding structure of rectangular horizontal section; arches projecting at right angles from the sides of said shell-inclosing structure{ vertical walls superimposed upon said arches, and forming vertical lines; and an outer shell of brickwork supporting the outer arch-ends.

2. In a regenerative stove, the combination of a central shell forming a vertical combustion chamber; brickwork surrounding said shell, the bricks of which are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given verticahplanc, and forming a shell-sun- -rounding structure having a rectangular horizontal section; four groups oft'arches projecting at right angles from the sides of said structure, the members of each group being parallel with each other; vertical walls superimposed upon and vertically alincd with said arches; foundations transverse relatively to each group of arches and supported by the latter; vertical walls superimposed upon and vertically alincd with said foundations; and an outer iiu'losilig shell of brickwork supporting the outer arch ends. v

3. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming" a combustion chamber; an outer inclosing brickwork structure irrwhich the bricks in the courses are laid parallel with and at right angles to a. given vertical plane; arches .connecting said inner and outer structures; and checkerwork supported by said arches I Y 4:a In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber and in which the bricks in the courses are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical'plane an outer inclosing brickwork structure in which the bricks in the courses are also laid parallel with and at right angles to said plane; arches connecting said inner and outer structures; and checkerwork. supported by said arches. v

5. In aregene'rative stove the combina tion of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber; an outer inclosing brickwork structure in which the bricks in successive courses are laid alternately parallel with and at right angles to a given verti cal plane; arches connecting said innerand outer structures; and checkerwork supported by said arches.

6. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber and in which the 'an outer inclosing bric 'work structure in which the bricks in the courses are likewise laid parallel with and at right angles to said plane; arches connecting said two struc-' tures and placed parallel with and at right angles to said plane; and vertical walls supported by said arches and forming checkerwork part of which walls are in. vertical alinement with said arches.

8. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber and in which the bricks in the courses are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; an outer inclosing brick structure in which the bricks in successive courses are laid alter-- nately parallel with and at right anglesto ture tures and placed parallel with, and at right angles to said plane; and vertical walls supported by said arches and forming checkerwork part of which Walls are in vertical alinement with said arches.

9. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber and in which the bricks in successive courses are laid alternately parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; an outer inclosing brick structure in which the bricks in successive courses are likewise laid alternately parallel with and at right angles to said plane; arches connecting said two structures and placed parallel with and at right angles to said plane; and vertical walls supported by said arches and forming checkerwork, part of which walls are in vertical alinement with said arches.

10. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber and in which the bricks of successive courses are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; an outer inclosing'brickwork structure; arches connecting said two structures; and vertical walls supported by said arches and forming checker-work; said outer strucbeing provided with additional checkerwork supported from below independently of said arches.

11. In a regenerative stove, the combina tion of an inner brickwork structure whose horizontal cross-section is of rectangular outline; an outer brickwork structure whose horizontal cross section is of circular outline; v

and vertical walls suitably supported intermediately of said structures to form vertical lines; each corner of said inner brickwork structure. being recessed to form a vertical flue; that portion of the outer inclosing structure radially opposite said corners being formed with additional vertical flues.

12. In a regenerativestove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure having a horizontal crosssection of rectangularoutline; an outer inclosing brickwork structure; two pairs of arches at right angles with each other, the members of each pail-being parallel with each other, the inner 'ends'of said" arches being supported at one c'orner of said inner brickwork structure, two of said arches crossing eachother; and a pillar vertically beneath the crossing portions of said last named two arches.

13. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber; an outer inclosing brickwork structure in which the bricks are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; checkerwork built between said inner and outer structures .and

havin its bricks also laid parallel with and at t angles to said lane; and means for suita 1B supporting sald checkerwork.

' 14. na regenerative stove, the-combina- 5 tion of, an inner brickwork structure forming 4 a combustion chamber and having its bricks laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane; an outer inclosing rickwork structure in which thebricks are also laid parallel with and at ht angles to said plane; checkerwork-built etween said inner and outer structures and having its bricks also laid parallel with and at ri htangles to said plane; andmeans for suitably supporting said checkerwork.

15. In a regenerative stove, the combination of an inner'brickwork structure forming a combustion chamber; an outer inclosing brickwork structure; checkerwork built between said inner and outer structures; and means for suitably supporting said checkerwork; the bricks of said inner and outer structures and of said checkerwork bein laid in the same directions and bondedwit each other. v '16. In a regenerative stove, the combination ofan inner brickwork structure forming .qa"combustion-chamber; an outer inclosing brickwork structure; checkerwork built between' said inner and outer structures; and archesfor suitably supporting said cliecker-' workythe bricks of said inner and outer structures and of said checkerwork "being laid'p'arallel-with and at right angles to a given vertical plane.

17,. In a regenerative stove structure,- vertical checkerwork formed by vertical walls intersecting each other at right angles, the

-first course of the Walls having bricks'laid 40 end end-in parallel rows with fillers at *righhan'gles to the rows, the second course having bricks laid end to end in parallel rows in thesame vertical planes with the fillers of the previous coursewith fillers above the rows of the previous course, all bricks in successive courses breaking joint with each other.

18. In a regenerative stove structure, vertical walls forming checker work, an inside circular 'wall and an outside circular wall, the bricks composing all of which are laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane.

19. In a regenerative stove structure, vertical walls formingchecker work, an inside 20. Ina regenerative stove structure, vertical walls forming checkerwork, and a circular wall surrounding same, the bricks composing both checkerwork and circular wall being laid parallel with and at right angles to a given vertical plane and bonded with each other.

21. In a regenerative stove structure, vertical checkerwork formed by vertical walls intersecting each other at right angles, the first course of the walls having bricks laid end to end in parallel rows with fillers at right angles to the rows, the second course having bricks laid end to end in parallel rows 1n the same vertical planes with thefillers of the previous course, with fillers above the rows of the-previous course.

22. In a'regenerative-stove'forblast furnace, checkerwork formed by-vertical walls intersecting each other at right angles, the first course of the walls having stretcher-s running continuously in one direction and fillers in the direction at right'anglcs thereto, the second course having stretchers running continuousl in the direction at right an les to the said rst-narned stretchers, with fil ersbetween, the third course having stretchers and fillers in the same directions as the first course, but the stretchers breakin joints over the centers of the bricks oft e first course, the 'fourth course having stretchers and fillers in the same direction as the second course, but the stretchers breaking joints with the bricks of the second course.

Signed by me, this 13th day of January, 1909.

ALFRED o. NELSON.

Attested by-. v

WINIFRED WAL'rz, Wm. B. MILLER. 

